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He finally went to Italy: Florence

Updated 1/4/2026

Florence, 11/10/2025 - 11/20/2025

The pilgrim arrives at Jerusalem! Even the train ride here was noteworthy - it's mostly in a tunnel that runs through the mountains, and you're mostly speeding along at anywhere from 120 - 150mph.

Impressions: Strangely, after a thorough walk around to get my bearings, the city itself hasn't blown me away. It's just as touristy as Verona and Venice (not nearly compact as Venice of course) but not as charming, scenic, or picturesque as either of them. I guess it's "regular" in the Italian way, similar to Mantua and Padua in that regard.

I am sure that will change the second I enter the Uffizi tomorrow morning. The Uffizi was amazing of course but it hasn't made the city any prettier.

Epic archway in Florence
Grandiose like Milan.
The Ponte Vecchio
The Ponte Vecchio, which also features the Vasari Corridor that the Medicis used to get from the Uffizi to their palace without having to mix with the hoi polloi. I'll be seeing that later this week...
View across the river from near the Ponte Vecchio
View across the river from near the Ponte Vecchio.
View from the Ponte Vecchio
View from the Ponte Vecchio, another example (see Venice) of why there may be a reason all those people are on the bridge.
View from atop the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore
View from atop the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore.
Another view from atop the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore
Giotto's famous bell tower is on the right.
View of old wall from Piazza Michelangelo
View from Piazza Michelangelo.
View from Piazza Michelangelo
Skyline from Piazza Michelangelo.
Florence streets 1
Nice enough I suppose.
Florence streets 2
A little better.
View toward the Cattedrale di Santa Maria
OK fine, this is pretty frickin' unique!
Basilica di Santa Maria Novella
Basilica di Santa Maria Novella - didn't visit this one but the outside is cool.
Interesting intersection
This kinda looks fake or like a HDRI but it's real!
Florence streets 3
Florence streets 4
Florence streets 5

The Accomodations

The other thing that suprised me was how affordable the Airbnbs are in comparison to pretty much everywhere else I've been on this trip... or, it's November and we're out of peak season. this place is a spacious one bedroom that features an entry hallway and separate kitchen, with the obligatory 12' ceilings, and is close to everything.

Apartment living room
Apartment bedroom

Loggia dei Lanzi, 11/10/2025

Loggia dei Lanzi
Hi, welcome to Florence! We have more art that we know what to do with so we'll just leave these priceless masterworks in the front yard and put them under guard 24/7.

Some of them are copies of old Greek and Roman works; here are the Renaissance-era ones to check out:

Perseus by Cellini
Perseus by Benvenuto Cellini, 1545 - 1554
Ercole Struggling with the Centaur Nesso by Giambologna
Ercole Struggling with the Centaur Nesso by Giambologna, 1594 - 1599
Rape of the Sabine Women by Giambologna
Rape of the Sabine Women by Giambologna, 1581 - 1583

Galleria degli Uffizi, 11/11, 11/13 and 11/19/2025

If you go (and you should), go later in the day. At opening time there were lines and it was packed; when I left around 1pm there was no line at all. There were huge crowds around the works everybody is "supposed" to see - Boticelli, Leonardo, etc. but once past the A section (top floor) things opened up quite a bit.

Maybe I just picked the wrong day - 2 days later it was very mellow in the morning. I got there around 9, no line at all, and it was mostly just groups of East Asians taking pictures of everything (some stereotypes emerge for reasons). I even got close to the Leonardo daVinci works and they did not change my opinion of his paintings.

That all said the place lives up to its reputation. You go through a full museum's worth of work (like the scale of the pinacotecas in Milan or Bologna) before you even get to the good stuff!

Galleria degli Uffizi
From across the river - it's much better from this side.
Uffizi section A, top floor
The whole palace is a giant U like this, with dozens of side chambers (to the left) covering European renaissance art from the 1200s to the mid-1500s.
Portraits in Uffizi section A
The whole U is lined with portraits, I assume of the Medicis? That's a lotta Medici.
Crowded Venus by Boticelli
"Look ma, I saw the lady in the clamshell!" I'm such a prick.
Crowded Medusa by Caravaggio
"Look ma, I saw the lady with the snake hair!" Medusa by Caravaggio. Am I missing something? There are other works on either side that are WAY better!

Enough snark, time for art

When I saw there was a whole section devoted to artists' self-portraits I was hoping for a Rembrandt among them. YESSS! I can't think of anyone better to lead this section. His later portraits are absolutely astonishing - completely stripped of bullshit, and the eyes, my god the eyes. They can bring me to tears and besides the 2004 Red Sox there isn't much in this world that can.

Rembrandt self portrait
Self Portrait by Rembrandt, circa 1655. By this time he'd lived his share of tragedy.
A Rabbi by Rembrandt
A Rabbi by Rembrandt, 1665. You can feel the weight of the world on his shoulders.
Portrait of a Young Man by Rembrandt
Portrait of a Young Man by Rembrandt, circa 1639. Contrast with his later work - this one feels more superficial.

Lots more from the Uffizi

Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore, 11/12/2025

Bought the full ticket to go up outside the dome, same idea as in Milan, and the view of Florence is likely unequaled. On the way (both up and down) you do a half-circuit around the cupola which is worth the cost of admission all by itself. It's got those medieval depictions of hell that I love so much, but executed by guys (Vasari and Zuccari) that could actually draw.

Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore 1
Everything looks better in sunlight.
Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore 2
Battistero, the cathedral, and the bell tower.
Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore 3
Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore interior
It's big and grand and all that, but...
Cupola in Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore, overview
HOLD THE PHONE! What's this all about? The Last Judgement, by Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari, 1572 - 1579.

More photos of The Last Judgement

Battistero (baptismal chamber), 11/12/2025

Package deal with the cattedrale. Most of the ceiling was under maintenance and therefore completely covered but based on the one piece I could see, it's along the lines of Venice's Basilica di San Marco - gold plated mosaics all day long. Except a fraction of the size. Sorry, Venice gets the win on this one... not that it's a competition. Well actually, back then it was; maybe it still is. After the trip is over and I've had time to digest I'll do a Venice vs. Florence art smackdown.

Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore battistero

Museo del Duomo, 11/12/2025

Also included with the ticket for the cattedrale. Depending how you look at it, this is either a bunch of navel-gazing by the church or fan service for religious/architectural history buffs. But it does have a great collection of pre- and high renaissance sculpture, including a piece by the master himself, Michelangelo.

San Giovanni by Donatello and San Marco by Lamberti
Saint John Evangelist by Donatello, 1409-1415, and Saint Mark by Lamberti, 1409 - 1415.
Pieta by Michelangelo
Pieta by Michelangelo, circa 1547 - 1555. This one seems only partially complete but I think it's far enough along that the master wouldn't mind us looking at it.

Looking at at the dates of the statues got me wondering. Donatello was executing pretty much fully realistic figures in the early 1400s and even Pisano's from 100 years earlier were pretty solid. Meanwhile the paintings from that time were practically cartoons. What took the painters so long (until 1510 or so depending on the artist) to catch up?

Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore, 11/13/2025

The church right around the corner from the apartment.

Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore
Painting 1 in Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore
Painting 2 in Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore
Painting 3 in Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore
Painting 4 in Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore
Painting 5 in Chiesa Rettoria di Santa Maria Maggiore

Vasari Corridor, 11/13/2025

My opinion? Unless you're a history buff that wants to imagine yourself in the footsteps of the Medici, save your time and money. It's a long hallway with a couple turns, with one section populated by ancient Greek and Roman busts. Given you have to come through the Uffizi to get here you've already seen plenty of those. Oh, you also get to peer into the church where they had their private worship area (think opera box).

Vasari Corridor
Best part of the Vasari Corridor. The rest is like this without the busts.
View from Vasari Corridor
A slightly better view than you get from the Ponte Vecchio.
Grotto at end of Vasari Corridor
Oh, you exit next to this funky little grotto that I'm not sure you can access otherwise.

Palazzo Pitti, 11/13 and 11/15/2025

Panorama of the front of Palazzo Piti
Panoramic of the front.
View of the Boboli Gardens from inside Palazzo Pitti
View of the Boboli Gardens from inside.

If you're short on time and you have to choose between this or the Uffizi, I'd go here. That's because there are two museums largely dedicated to painting, and as far as I'm concerned the quantity and quality of work on display beats the Uffizi... to the point of overwhelming. In the Uffizi everything is presented nicely and there is plenty of breathing room between the works; here everything is stacked up on top of each other. There is even great work hung in a narrow hallway leading to some bathrooms!

In addition it's WAY less crowded, allowing for a much more relaxed visit.

I got in another hour at the Uffizi before doing the Vasari Corridor and I think I'm done. I lie - I did another full run through the Uffizi because who knows when I'll be back. And... Rembrandt. This place is worth at least one repeat hours-long visit (update: did that too). It's five museums in one plus the Boboli Gardens.

Treasures of the Grand Dukes

A series of elaborately frescoed rooms, some containing treasures which interested me little. What did interest me were the amazingly effective trompe l'oeil frescoes.

Grand Dukes fresco 1
Is that real or painted?
Grand Dukes fresco 2
Real, you say? Nope!
Grand Dukes fresco 3
You're probably thinking "Shut the front door!"
Grand Dukes fresco 3, closeup
Here's photographic evidence, naysayer!

Galleria Palatina

A series of rooms named for Roman gods and stories (such as the Iliad) packed floor to ceiling with amazing furniture (one guy that was around me a lot kept commenting on the wood inlays) and even more amazing paintings. Where to start... how about Raphael, he's pretty good, right? How about THREE Raphaels, all of them better than the ones in the Uffizi. Only thing is I had to shoot them all from an angle otherwise the highlights were horrible.

Portrait of Cardinal Dovizi of Bibbiena by Raphael
Portrait of Cardinal Dovizi of Bibbiena by Raphael
Seated Madonna by Raphael
Seated Madonna (?) by Raphael
Holy Family by Raphael
Holy Family by Raphael

No need to say it but I will, time for art page to come...

Museum of Modern Art

As mentioned elsewhere, in Italy "modern art" appears to just mean post-1800, and here there's nothing more recent than the early 1900s. Just when I thought I was getting used to this place, it surprises me again. Here's a whole collection of artists I'd never heard of, many of whom I may never see again, that are fantastic.

Lumberjacks by Cristiano Banti
Lumberjacks (?) by Cristiano Banti

You already know...

Galleria dell'Accademia di Firenze, 11/14/2025

This museum is basically Michelangelo's David and, oh yeah, some other things. I showed up around 9am without a reservation and got lucky, waiting less time than the people who did have reservations. I suspect that was due to the early hour and time of year - I wouldn't recommend anyone else try it. The exterior is so nondescript I didn't even get a photo of it.

Regarding David, the way I heard it told is that his head is deliberately oversized because the statue was intended to be seen from below... so that's how I shot it, as the master intended. From that angle his head does look about right... though his hands are ginormous instead. That all said the overall detail and pose are classic Michelangelo and I'm glad I got to see it.

David by Michelangelo
David by Michelangelo, circa 1501 - 1504. From this angle the head is only slightly oversized.
Prisoner, unfinished, by Michelangelo
Prisoner (unfinished) by Michelangelo. He's definitely imprisoned in that rock!
2nd Prisoner, unfinished, by Michelangelo
Prisoner (unfinished) by Michelangelo. The two prisoners were intended for the tomb of Pope Julius II.

Page with "other things" from the Galleria coming soon...

Chiesa di San Marco, 11/14/2025

Hopefully I'll get back to take a picture of the outside (I did not)... though it's probably nothing special, in contrast to the inside. Free, and better stuff than some of the churches that charge admission!

Chiesa di San Marco altar
Chiesa di San Marco ceiling
Chiesa di San Marco painting 1
Chiesa di San Marco painting 2
Chiesa di San Marco painting 3

Museo di San Marco, 11/14/2025

Can't win them all, I guess. A couple decent paintings but mostly this is about the monks that lived here, with some "masterful" frescoes by Beato Angelico.

Museo di San Marco
Don't ask me to explain the line...
San Marco dormitory
The monks' dormitory.
Monk's room in San Marco
A typical monk's room... it's a hard monk's life.
Bloody crucified Christ
In case you forgot Jesus suffered for you. Gives new meaning to the phrase "bloody Christ!"

When I think of "masterworks," it's usually more like these...

Crucifixion with Saint Mark and Saint John the Evangelist, by Lippi
Crucifixion with Saint Mark and Saint John the Evangelist by Lorenzo Lippi, 1647.
Christ Praying in the Garden of Gethsemane by Tarchiani
Christ Praying in the Garden of Gethsemane by Filippo Tarchiani, circa 1615.

Palazzo Medici Riccardi, 11/14/2025

In hindsight, another one I would have skipped. Among the Palazzo's claims to fame are a frescoed chapel and its Hall of Mirrors with a frescoed ceiling, both of which are far exceeded by any number of other places you can find in this little travelogue. In addition there is the usual smattering of statuary halls and rich people furnishings. However in this case the furniture really looked its age and the overall condition of the place suggests they have trouble keeping the lights on.

Interior garden in Palazzo Medici Riccardi
They have a nice interior garden, so I'm using this instead of the building exterior which is just meh.
Chapel in Palazzo Medici Riccardi
The frescoed chapel.
Hall of Mirrors in Palazzo Medici Riccardi
The Hall of Mirrors.

Cappelle Medicee, 11/14/2025

This one's kind of a two-for-one. The whole thing was built by the Medicis themselves as a funerary monument to the family. If you got it, flaunt it, right? Well, they sure had it!

The main hall

Cappelle Medicee
Cappelle Medicee interior
Cappelle Medicee ceiling

The Sacistry

Architected/designed by Michelangelo and features more of his sculpture. He's the theme of the day!

Night and Day by Michelangelo
Night and Day by Michelangelo.
Dusk and Dawn by Michelangelo
Dusk and Dawn by Michelangelo.

Chiesa di Santa Maria del Carmine, 11/15/2025

Bunch of churches one after the other on a fine Saturday morning, and all of them winners!

Chiesa di Santa Maria del Carmine
Interior of Chiesa di Santa Maria del Carmine
Painting from Chiesa di Santa Maria del Carmine
The highlights were impossible to manage otherwise there would be more. Next time I'm bringing a camera with zoom!

Cappella Brancacci

Another early-ish frescoed chapel (1400s), a team effort by Masolina, Masaccio, and (later) Filippino Lippi. Not too bad.

Capella Brancacci overview
Capella Brancacci fresco 1
Capella Brancacci fresco 2
A reasonable photoshop hack of 2 separate photos.
Last Supper by Allori
The Last Supper by Alessandro Allori, 1582. Should't every church have a last supper fresco?

Basilica di Santo Spirito, 11/15/2025

This one said no photos but I was sneaky about it... hopefully that doesn't land me in hell. Crazy how they all look like nothing from outside!

There's a sacrestia designed by young Michelangelo along with an early sculpture of his, a crucifixion. If this isn't a quote from someone already, it is now, from me: "Most artists have at least one great work in them, and even the greats leave behind plenty of work that isn't. Artistic greatness is measured by the proportion of one to the other."

Basilica di Santo Spirito
Basilica di Santo Spirito interior
Basilica di Santo Spirito Sacristy and Crucifixion by Michelangelo
Let's just say this Crucifixion isn't Michelangelo's greatest.
Basilica di Santo Spirito cloister
They have a terrific little garden in the cloister.
Adoration of the Magin by Aurelio Lomi
Adoration of the Magi by Aurelio Lomi, after 1608.
Christ and the Adultress by Allori
Christ and the Adultress by Alessandro Allori, 1577.

A few more from here to come...

Chiesa di Santa Trinita, 11/15/2025

Has not one, but TWO frescoed chapels from the 14th and 15th centuries, viewable for a mere €0.50 to turn the lights on! And of course some pretty good paintings.

Chiesa di Santa Trinita
Chiesa di Santa Trinita interior
Chiesa di Santa Trinita altar ceiling
Capella Bartolini Salimbeni by Monaco
Capella Bartolini Salimbeni fresco by Lorenzo Monaco, circa 1430.
Capella Sassetti by Domenico Ghirlandaio
Capella Sassetti fresco by Domenico Ghirlandaio, 1482 - 1485.
Capella Sassetti view 2
Painting 1 inside Chiesa di Santa Trinita
Painting 2 inside Chiesa di Santa Trinita
I don't care for this one much but it's a great example of the late 15th century style, before painters really got it going on.
Painting 3 inside Chiesa di Santa Trinita

Chiesa di Santa Felicita, 11/15/2025

I came here because I saw the altar painting by Pontormo in a book and I thought it had a really light and airy color scheme as compared to pretty much every other painting at the time. That impression was 100% confirmed live and in person!

Chiesa di Santa Felicita
Chiesa di Santa Felicita interior
Why do I never get tired of this shot? SYMMETRY.
Deposition from the Cross by Pontormo
Deposition from the Cross (?) by Pontormo. SO different from everything else!
Painting 1 in Chiesa di Santa Felicita
Painting 2 in Chiesa di Santa Felicita
Painting 3 in Chiesa di Santa Felicita

Boboli Gardens, 11/15/2025

Part of the Passpartoute (annual) that allow you unlimited entry to the Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti, and the Boboli Gardens. If it wasn't such a pain to get in (metal detector, etc.) this would be a terrific place to come for a morning constitutional. I saw a squirrel, I think the first one I've seen the whole time here!

The very structured layout makes me think of Versailles or something like that. I think I prefer my public gardens more in the English style (more natural feeling, less geometric) but maybe that's just because I'm so used to Frederic Law Olmstead parks.

Palazzo Pitti from the Boboli Gardens
View back toward Palazzo Pitti
View from Boboli Gardens
Fountain in Boboli Gardens
Island statue in Boboli Gardens
View inside Boboli Gardens
Another view inside Boboli Gardens

Afterwards was a return to Palazzo Pitti!

Museo Nazionale del Bargello, 11/16/2025

Win some, lose some. Today's museums were a bit of a bust. This one is primarily focused on sculpture, and there's the usual collections of old school weapons and armor, china, and other rich people's stuff. Some of the statues here are legendary (Donatello, Michelangelo) so I'm glad I got to see them, but they don't grab me like an excellent painting does.

Oh, Giotto's final fresco is here in a private chapel they had built. What's left of it, anyway, which is about two sections. Unless you're a Giotto fanatic or are writing a book about him, go see his work elsewhere... Padua for example.

Interior courtyard of Museo Nazionale del Bargello
Fountain for the Sala Grande by Ammannati
Fountain for the Sala Grande by Bartolomeo Ammannati, 1556 - 1561. It was commissioned by Cosimo the Magnificent but then never actually installed. Maybe the fact that the nipples of the woman in the middle were intended to spout water was just a little much for everyone.
David by Donatello
David by Donatello, circa 1440. I mean, you can't come to Florence and not see this, right?
Oceano by Giambologna
Oceano by Giambologna.
Florence Triumphant Over Pisa by Giambologna and Pietro Francavilla
Florence Triumphant Over Pisa by Giambologna and Pietro Francavilla, 1575 - 1580. Interesting intersection of art and politics.
Baccus by Michelangelo
Baccus by Michelangelo, 1496 - 1497. The lighting and the photographer do the master's work no favors.

Museo Horne, 11/16/2025

A small museum with plenty of old paintings - but mostly early renaissance or in that style, nothing that great, and all of them really looking their age. Also includes rich person's stuff (furniture, etc.) that ALSO really looks its age.

Museo Horne
Yep, 2 photos, that's it. YOU go, see for yourself. Better yet don't - now you know what it looks like so you can avoid it.
Holy Family with the Young Saint John and Donor by Beccafumi
Holy Family with the Young Saint John and Donor by Domenico Beccafumi, circa 1528.

Piazza Michelangelo, 11/16/2025

Recommended by a friend, it's atop a hill on the other side of the river, with some great views back over Florence. And a pretty nifty fountain and grottos at the bottom.

View of old wall from Piazza Michelangelo
View from Piazza Michelangelo.
View from Piazza Michelangelo
Skyline from Piazza Michelangelo.
Piazza Michelangelo fountain 1
Piazza Michelangelo fountain 2
Piazza Michelangelo fountain 3
Piazza Michelangelo fountain 4

Palazzo Vecchio, 11/17/2025

Venice wins again. The great hall here is immense and magnificent but the one in the Palazzo Ducale in Venice beats it hands-down. However pretty much every room here features very good ceiling paintings and of course there's a Michelangelo or two.

Palazzo Vecchio
Palazzo Vecchio interior courtyard
Palazzo Vecchio grand hall
Palazzo Vecchio grand hall from above
Palazzo Vecchio grand hall ceiling paintings 1
Ceiling by Georgio Vasari and workshop, 1562 - 1565.
Palazzo Vecchio grand hall ceiling paintings 2

The Medicis were apparently magnificient and yet more magnificent if one is to judge by their nicknames and the works of art in their honor. Here in the main hall the central ceiling panel is The Apotheosis of Cosimo the First! Can't get much more magnificent than that... I'm surprised the church let them get away with it. There are also a couple statues of him being blessed (?) and depicted as a Roman emperor or general. Anyone else thinking overcompensation?

Apotheoisis of Cosimo Medici
Central painting is the Apotheosis.
Blessing Cosimo Medici
Gotta be a pope blessing him if it's not God him/herself!
Roman Cosimo Medici
Roman cosplay is magnificent too.
The Genius of Victory by Michelangelo
The Genius of Victory by Michelangelo, 1530 - 1534.
Statue from the Palazzo Vecchio
Didn't get the name on this one...
Room of Lorenzo in the Palazzo Vecchio
Room of Lorenzo in the Palazzo Vecchio, painting by Vasari. Lorenzo was also magnificent, we're told.
Room of Cosimo il Vecchio in the Palazzo Vecchio
Room of Cosimo il Vecchio in the Palazzo Vecchio, painting by Vasari. Il vecchio = the old, so I guess an ancestor? I bet he was magnificent in his own way.
Painting from the Palazzo Vecchio
Not sure where this one's from but I imagine it was painted by Vasari also.
Chapel of Eleonora in the Palazzo Vecchio
Chapel of Eleonora, painting by Vasari.
Room of the Sabines in the Palazzo Vecchio
Room of the Sabines, painting by Vasari.
Audience chamber in the Palazzo Vecchio
Audience chamber, frescoe by Salviati, 1543 - 1545.
Room of Opis, painting 1 in the Palazzo Vecchio
Chamber of Opis, painting possibly by Vasari, Cristofano Gherardi or Marco Marchetti da Faenza.
Room of Opis, painting 2 in the Palazzo Vecchio
Ditto.

Cenacolo (Last Supper) di Andrea del Sarto, 11/18/2025

Wow. I wasn't going to come - it's well outside of the center, the photos I saw online didn't look great, and while I like some of his paintings a great deal (enough so to include them here), I don't love any of them. But I ended up with an extra day and the weather was decent, so I said what the hell.

Good thing I did. This is definitely the best fresco I've seen on this trip, which is to say in my life. While I got over missing da Vinci's rendition in Milan, I now have my doubts that it would even compare, particularly given its condition. This one is amazingly well preserved, and because it's a fresco del Sarto couldn't go crazy trying to make everything super polished like his paintings. The figures have good energy, and the color remains vibrant.

The Last Supper by Andrea del Sarto
The Last Supper by Andrea del Sarto.

To top it off, they have a small but very good collection of religious (of course) paintings by a number of very good renaissance also-rans. For less than the price of a spritz it's well worth the extra effort to get here. DO IT!

Time for art page to come...

Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina, 11/18/2025

Same old story - I passed by and it was open. Yeesh!

Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina
Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina altar
Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina ceiling
Look at this ceiling!
Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina painting 1
Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina painting 2
Chiesa della Badia Fiorentina painting 3

Not too bad a way to cap off the city, and the trip!